Math Symbols Supported by HTML

Character Entity Number Entity Name Description
∀ ∀ ∀ for all
∂ ∂ ∂ part
∃ ∃ ∃ exists
∅ ∅ ∅ empty
∇ ∇ ∇ nabla
∈ ∈ ∈ isin
∉ ∉ ∉ notin
∋ ∋ ∋ ni
∏ ∏ ∏ prod
∑ ∑ ∑ sum
− − − minus
∗ ∗ ∗ lowast
√ √ √ square root
∝ ∝ ∝ proportional to
∞ ∞ ∞ infinity
∠ ∠ ∠ angle
∧ ∧ ∧ and
∨ ∨ ∨ or
∩ ∩ ∩ cap
∪ ∪ ∪ cup
∫ ∫ ∫ integral
∴ ∴ ∴ therefore
∼ ∼ ∼ similar to
≅ ≅ ≅ congruent to
≈ ≈ ≈ almost equal
≠ ≠ ≠ not equal
≡ ≡ ≡ equivalent
≤ ≤ ≤ less or equal
≥ ≥ ≥ greater or equal
⊂ ⊂ ⊂ subset of
⊃ ⊃ ⊃ superset of
⊄ ⊄ ⊄ not subset of
⊆ ⊆ ⊆ subset or equal
⊇ ⊇ ⊇ superset or equal
⊕ ⊕ ⊕ circled plus
⊗ ⊗ ⊗ circled times
⊥ ⊥ ⊥ perpendicular
⋅ ⋅ ⋅ dot operator

Greek Letters Supported by HTML

Character Entity Number Entity Name Description
Α Α Α Alpha
Β Β Β Beta
Γ Γ Γ Gamma
Δ Δ Δ Delta
Ε Ε Ε Epsilon
Ζ Ζ Ζ Zeta
Η Η Η Eta
Θ Θ Θ Theta
Ι Ι Ι Iota
Κ Κ Κ Kappa
Λ Λ Λ Lambda
Μ Μ Μ Mu
Ν Ν Ν Nu
Ξ Ξ Ξ Xi
Ο Ο Ο Omicron
Π Π Π Pi
Ρ Ρ Ρ Rho
  undefined   Sigmaf
Σ Σ Σ Sigma
Τ Τ Τ Tau
Υ Υ Υ Upsilon
Φ Φ Φ Phi
Χ Χ Χ Chi
Ψ Ψ Ψ Psi
Ω Ω Ω Omega
       
α α α alpha
β β β beta
γ γ γ gamma
δ δ δ delta
ε ε ε epsilon
ζ ζ ζ zeta
η η η eta
θ θ θ theta
ι ι ι iota
κ κ κ kappa
λ λ λ lambda
μ μ μ mu
ν ν ν nu
ξ ξ ξ xi
ο ο ο omicron
π π π pi
ρ ρ ρ rho
ς ς ς sigmaf
σ σ σ sigma
τ τ τ tau
υ υ υ upsilon
φ φ φ phi
χ χ χ chi
ψ ψ ψ psi
ω ω ω omega
       
ϑ ϑ ϑ theta symbol
ϒ ϒ ϒ upsilon symbol
ϖ ϖ ϖ pi symbol

Other Entities Supported by HTML

Character Entity Number Entity Name Description
ΠΠΠcapital ligature OE
œ œ œ small ligature oe
Š Š Š capital S with caron
š š š small S with caron
Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ capital Y with diaeres
ƒ ƒ ƒ f with hook
ˆ ˆ ˆ modifier letter circumflex accent
˜ ˜ ˜ small tilde
      en space
      em space
      thin space
‌ ‌ ‌ zero width non-joiner
‍ ‍ ‍ zero width joiner
‎ ‎ ‎ left-to-right mark
‏ ‏ ‏ right-to-left mark
– – – en dash
— — — em dash
‘ ‘ ‘ left single quotation mark
’ ’ ’ right single quotation mark
‚ ‚ ‚ single low-9 quotation mark
“ “ “ left double quotation mark
” ” ” right double quotation mark
„ „ „ double low-9 quotation mark
† † † dagger
‡ ‡ ‡ double dagger
• • • bullet
… … … horizontal ellipsis
‰ ‰ ‰ per mille 
′ ′ ′ minutes
″ ″ ″ seconds
‹ ‹ ‹ single left angle quotation
› › › single right angle quotation
‾ ‾ ‾ overline
€ € € euro
™ ™ or ™ ™ trademark
← ← ← left arrow
↑ ↑ ↑ up arrow
→ → → right arrow
↓ ↓ ↓ down arrow
↔ ↔ ↔ left right arrow
↵ ↵ ↵ carriage return arrow
⌈ ⌈ ⌈ left ceiling
⌉ ⌉ ⌉ right ceiling
⌊ ⌊ ⌊ left floor
⌋ ⌋ ⌋ right floor
◊ ◊ ◊ lozenge
♠ ♠ ♠ spade
♣ ♣ ♣ club
♥ ♥ ♥ heart
♦ ♦ ♦ diamond

URL Encoding Reference

ASCII Character URL-encoding
space %20
! %21
" %22
# %23
$ %24
% %25
& %26
' %27
( %28
) %29
* %2A
+ %2B
, %2C
- %2D
. %2E
/ %2F
0 %30
1 %31
2 %32
3 %33
4 %34
5 %35
6 %36
7 %37
8 %38
9 %39
: %3A
; %3B
< %3C
= %3D
> %3E
? %3F
@ %40
A %41
B %42
C %43
D %44
E %45
F %46
G %47
H %48
I %49
J %4A
K %4B
L %4C
M %4D
N %4E
O %4F
P %50
Q %51
R %52
S %53
T %54
U %55
V %56
W %57
X %58
Y %59
Z %5A
[ %5B
\ %5C
] %5D
^ %5E
_ %5F
` %60
a %61
b %62
c %63
d %64
e %65
f %66
g %67
h %68
i %69
j %6A
k %6B
l %6C
m %6D
n %6E
o %6F
p %70
q %71
r %72
s %73
t %74
u %75
v %76
w %77
x %78
y %79
z %7A
{ %7B
| %7C
} %7D
~ %7E
  %7F
` %80
%81
‚ %82
ƒ %83
„ %84
… %85
† %86
‡ %87
ˆ %88
‰ %89
Š %8A
‹ %8B
Π%8C
%8D
Ž %8E
%8F
%90
‘ %91
’ %92
“ %93
” %94
• %95
– %96
— %97
˜ %98
™ %99
š %9A
› %9B
œ %9C
%9D
ž %9E
Ÿ %9F
  %A0
¡ %A1
¢ %A2
£ %A3
¤ %A4
¥ %A5
¦ %A6
§ %A7
¨ %A8
© %A9
ª %AA
« %AB
¬ %AC
­ %AD
® %AE
¯ %AF
° %B0
± %B1
² %B2
³ %B3
´ %B4
µ %B5
%B6
· %B7
¸ %B8
¹ %B9
º %BA
» %BB
¼ %BC
½ %BD
¾ %BE
¿ %BF
À %C0
Á %C1
 %C2
à %C3
Ä %C4
Å %C5
Æ %C6
Ç %C7
È %C8
É %C9
Ê %CA
Ë %CB
Ì %CC
Í %CD
Î %CE
Ï %CF
Ð %D0
Ñ %D1
Ò %D2
Ó %D3
Ô %D4
Õ %D5
Ö %D6
× %D7
Ø %D8
Ù %D9
Ú %DA
Û %DB
Ü %DC
Ý %DD
Þ %DE
ß %DF
à %E0
á %E1
â %E2
ã %E3
ä %E4
å %E5
æ %E6
ç %E7
è %E8
é %E9
ê %EA
ë %EB
ì %EC
í %ED
î %EE
ï %EF
ð %F0
ñ %F1
ò %F2
ó %F3
ô %F4
õ %F5
ö %F6
÷ %F7
ø %F8
ù %F9
ú %FA
û %FB
ü %FC
ý %FD
þ %FE
ÿ %FF

URL Encoding Reference

The ASCII device control characters %00-%1f were originally designed to control hardware devices. Control characters have nothing to do inside a URL.

ASCII Character Description URL-encoding
NUL null character %00
SOH start of header %01
STX start of text %02
ETX end of text %03
EOT end of transmission %04
ENQ enquiry %05
ACK acknowledge %06
BEL bell (ring) %07
BS backspace %08
HT horizontal tab %09
LF line feed %0A
VT vertical tab %0B
FF form feed %0C
CR carriage return %0D
SO shift out %0E
SI shift in %0F
DLE data link escape %10
DC1 device control 1 %11
DC2 device control 2 %12
DC3 device control 3 %13
DC4 device control 4 %14
NAK negative acknowledge %15
SYN synchronize %16
ETB end transmission block %17
CAN cancel %18
EM end of medium %19
SUB substitute %1A
ESC escape %1B
FS file separator %1C
GS group separator %1D
RS record separator %1E
US unit separator %1F

ISO Language Codes

The HTML lang attribute can be used to declare the language of a Web page or a portion of a Web page. This is meant to assist search engines and browsers.

According to the W3C recommendation you should declare the primary language for each Web page with the lang attribute inside the <html> tag, like this:

<html lang="en">
...
</html>

In XHTML, the language is declared inside the <html> tag as follows:

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
...
</html>

ISO 639-1 Language Codes

ISO 639-1 defines abbreviations for languages. In HTML and XHTML they can be used in the lang and xml:lang attributes.

Language ISO Code
Abkhazian ab
Afar aa
Afrikaans af
Albanian sq
Amharic am
Arabic ar
Aragonese an
Armenian hy
Assamese as
Aymara ay
Azerbaijani az
Bashkir ba
Basque eu
Bengali (Bangla) bn
Bhutani dz
Bihari bh
Bislama bi
Breton br
Bulgarian bg
Burmese my
Byelorussian (Belarusian) be
Cambodian km
Catalan ca
Cherokee  
Chewa  
Chinese (Simplified) zh
Chinese (Traditional) zh
Corsican co
Croatian hr
Czech cs
Danish da
Divehi  
Dutch nl
Edo  
English en
Esperanto eo
Estonian et
Faeroese fo
Farsi fa
Fiji fj
Finnish fi
Flemish  
French fr
Frisian fy
Fulfulde  
Galician gl
Gaelic (Scottish) gd
Gaelic (Manx) gv
Georgian ka
German de
Greek el
Greenlandic kl
Guarani gn
Gujarati gu
Haitian Creole ht
Hausa ha
Hawaiian  
Hebrew he, iw
Hindi hi
Hungarian hu
Ibibio  
Icelandic is
Ido io
Igbo  
Indonesian id, in
Interlingua ia
Interlingue ie
Inuktitut iu
Inupiak ik
Irish ga
Italian it
Japanese ja
Javanese jv
Kannada kn
Kanuri  
Kashmiri ks
Kazakh kk
Kinyarwanda (Ruanda) rw
Kirghiz ky
Kirundi (Rundi) rn
Konkani  
Korean ko
Kurdish ku
Laothian lo
Latin la
Latvian (Lettish) lv
Limburgish ( Limburger) li
Lingala ln
Lithuanian lt
Macedonian mk
Malagasy mg
Malay ms
Malayalam ml
   
Maltese mt
Maori mi
Marathi mr
Moldavian mo
Mongolian mn
Nauru na
Nepali ne
Norwegian no
Occitan oc
Oriya or
Oromo (Afan, Galla) om
Papiamentu  
Pashto (Pushto) ps
Polish pl
Portuguese pt
Punjabi pa
Quechua qu
Rhaeto-Romance rm
Romanian ro
Russian ru
Sami (Lappish)  
Samoan sm
Sangro sg
Sanskrit sa
Serbian sr
Serbo-Croatian sh
Sesotho st
Setswana tn
Shona sn
Sichuan Yi ii
Sindhi sd
Sinhalese si
Siswati ss
Slovak sk
Slovenian sl
Somali so
Spanish es
Sundanese su
Swahili (Kiswahili) sw
Swedish sv
Syriac  
Tagalog tl
Tajik tg
Tamazight  
Tamil ta
Tatar tt
Telugu te
Thai th
Tibetan bo
Tigrinya ti
Tonga to
Tsonga ts
Turkish tr
Turkmen tk
Twi tw
Uighur ug
Ukrainian uk
Urdu ur
Uzbek uz
Venda  
Vietnamese vi
Volapük vo
Wallon wa
Welsh cy
Wolof wo
Xhosa xh
Yi  
Yiddish yi, ji
Yoruba yo
Zulu zu